Institutional Change and Accountability

Introduction How school leaders discuss, or avoid discussing, race and racism is consequential to students’ educational experiences. “Race talk” is a term used to describe communication individuals use to discuss race and racism. In the context of education, “race talk” is when teachers speak explicitly about race and racism, as opposed to avoiding discussion of…

Introduction Over the last two decades, the fields of diversity training and diversity education have become critical components of organizations and academic settings. Just as organizations develop antiracism policies and employee training, management programs have also expanded their diversity management educational offerings. Diversity training refers to the specialized field devoted to ad hoc training in…

INTRODUCTION Since 2020 we have seen more employers establish diversity programs to promote values of diversity within an organization. Yet, few have acknowledged existing research that has challenged the implementation and efficacy of diversity programs at the managerial and staff levels.  This summary examines this earlier research by focusing on one study to show that…

Introduction By 2039, a majority of the U.S. workforce will identify as members of nonwhite race-based minoritized groups. Yet, despite this growing workplace diversity, these demographic shifts have not yet been reflected in the makeup of either for-profit or nonprofit boards. One study in 2013 found that across all Fortune 500 companies, board members were…

Introduction As principles of diversity and inclusion become more explicit within Corporate America, there remains a discrepancy between commitments to and actualization of racial parity in corporations, particularly among corporate leadership. In this article, the authors evaluate corporate policies and contrast legally enforceable Affirmative Action policies that acknowledge the history and disparate impacts of slavery…

Introduction In the US, a college degree is a prerequisite for access to many middle-class and high-paying jobs. Yet, the social and economic payoff of a college degree is racialized, as evidenced by the highest economic disparities across races existing within the college-educated middle class. Relatedly, a growing body of research recognizes that the burdens…

Schools with a greater proportional enrollment of Black students are less likely to use restorative justice techniques when responding to student misbehavior.  Introduction Many public schools rely on punitive models of student discipline, employing harsh, exclusionary punishments like detentions, suspensions, and expulsion in response to student misbehavior. Research has shown that students who receive these…

Introduction Access to sufficient and affordable credit is a key determinant of a business startup’s ability to finance projects and pursue growth opportunities. An entrepreneur’s creditworthiness is often assessed using their credit score, which has been lauded for expanding access to credit and financing to credit-worthy business owners. However, research also suggests the credit-scoring process…

Introduction In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and a surge of attention to pervasive racial injustice in the United States, many areas of philanthropy made public commitments to promote racial equity and social justice. Many foundations, both large and small, committed publicly to shifting the foundation-nonprofit relationship to be more trust-based and reciprocal. Additionally,…

Introduction Many white students enter postsecondary education fortified by “walls of whiteness,” or manifestations of racial privilege that shield white students from challenges to white supremacist assumptions about racial disparities and inequality. Those assumptions are reinforced in historically white colleges and universities that are predominately staffed by white male faculty and primarily attended by middle-…